Linking ice and gas in the Coronet cluster in Corona Australis
G. Perotti, J. K. J{\o}rgensen, W. R. M. Rocha, A. Plunkett, E. Artur, de la Villarmois, L. E. Kristensen, M. Sewi{\l}o, P. Bjerkeli, H. J. Fraser,, S. B. Charnley

TL;DR
This study investigates the relationship between ice and gas-phase methanol in protostellar envelopes within the Coronet cluster, revealing that methanol chemistry is largely unaffected by local irradiation levels and is established during the prestellar phase.
Contribution
It provides the first detailed comparison of gas-to-ice methanol ratios in a strongly irradiated cluster with less irradiated regions, highlighting the robustness of methanol chemistry against environmental variations.
Findings
Methanol gas-to-ice ratios vary by an order of magnitude in the Coronet cluster.
Ratios are similar across different regions despite varying UV radiation fields.
Methanol chemistry is likely set during the prestellar stage, independent of current physical conditions.
Abstract
During the journey from the cloud to the disc, the chemical composition of the protostellar envelope material can be either preserved or processed to varying degrees depending on the surrounding physical environment. This works aims to constrain the interplay of solid (ice) and gaseous methanol (CHOH) in the outer regions of protostellar envelopes located in the Coronet cluster in Corona Australis (CrA), and assess the importance of irradiation by the Herbig Ae/Be star R CrA. CHOH is a prime test-case as it predominantly forms as a consequence of the solid-gas interplay (hydrogenation of condensed CO molecules onto the grain surfaces) and it plays an important role in future complex molecular processing. We present 1.3 mm Submillimeter Array (SMA) and Atacama Pathfinder Experiment (APEX) observations towards the envelopes of four low-mass protostars in the Coronet. Eighteen…
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Taxonomy
TopicsAstrophysics and Star Formation Studies · Molecular Spectroscopy and Structure · Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
