Embedding Ultra slow-roll inflaton dynamics in Warm Inflation

TL;DR

This paper investigates the feasibility of embedding Ultra slow-roll inflation within Warm Inflation models, highlighting the importance of dissipation coefficient dependence and thermal equilibrium for successful realization.

Contribution

It introduces criteria for embedding Ultra slow-roll phases in Warm Inflation models, emphasizing the role of dissipation coefficient dependence on inflaton amplitude and temperature.

Findings

Ultra slow-roll can be briefly embedded in Warm Inflation with specific dissipation dependence.

Thermal equilibrium is crucial for the viability of Ultra slow-roll in Warm Inflation.

Numerical models confirm the theoretical criteria for Ultra slow-roll embedding.

Abstract

Slow-roll of the inflaton field defines the standard dynamics of the inflationary epoch. However, the inflationary system deviates from slow-roll when it encounters an extremely flat region of the inflaton potential, and enters a phase dubbed Ultra slow roll. In this article, we explore the possibility of realizing an Ultra slow-roll phase in a particularly interesting inflationary scenario, called Warm Inflation. In the Warm inflationary scenario a thermalized, sub-dominant radiation bath coexists with the inflaton energy density as an effect of dissipative dynamics. We show in this article that though the background dynamics indicate Ultra slow-roll when the potential becomes extremely flat, in Warm Inflation models, where the dissipation coefficient is a sole function of the temperature of the radiation bath, the system fails to maintain the thermal equilibrium as soon as it enters the Ultra slow-roll phase. As thermal equilibrium is a key feature of Warm Inflation, and as it is not yet known how to deal with Warm Inflation without thermal equilibrium, we could not analyze such systems any further in this article. However, we demonstrate that brief periods of Ultra slow-roll phase, which smoothly ends into standard slow-roll, can be accommodated in WI models where the dissipation coefficient is not only a function of the temperature of the radiation bath but also depends on the amplitude of the inflaton field. We theoretically determine the criteria of successfully embedding Ultra slow-roll in WI while the system remain in thermal equilibrium, and also demonstrate numerically that such short Ultra slow-roll phases can indeed be embedded in specific Warm Inflation models which comply with the theoretically determined criteria.