Plasmonic dielectric antennas for hybrid optical nanotweezing and optothermoelectric manipulation of single nanosized extracellular vesicles

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates a novel hybrid optical nanotweezing and thermoelectric manipulation technique for single extracellular vesicles using plasmonic dielectric nanoantennas with an optical anapole state and plasmonic heating.

Contribution

It introduces a plasmonic dielectric nanoantenna supporting an anapole state combined with a plasmonic mirror to enhance trapping and enable thermoelectric manipulation of vesicles.

Findings

Achieved a trapping potential of approximately 3.5 KbT.

Enabled dynamic manipulation of vesicles via thermoelectric fields.

Demonstrated stable trapping and active transport of extracellular vesicles.

Abstract

We present an experimental demonstration of near-field optical trapping and dynamic manipulation of a single extracellular vesicle using a plasmonic dielectric nanoantenna that supports an optical anapole state. The optical anapole is a non-radiating optical state generated by the destructive interference between electric and toroidal dipoles in the far-field. To enhance the trapping capabilities, we employ a plasmonic mirror to enhance the anapole state. By harnessing the enhanced electromagnetic hotspot resulting from the mirror-enhanced anapole state, we achieve a high trapping potential of approximately 3.5 KbT. The dynamic manipulation of the vesicle is achieved by inducing a thermoelectric field in the presence of an ionic surfactant and the resulting plasmonic heating. Specifically, we introduce cetyltrimethylammonium chloride (CTAC) as the ionic surfactant and utilize the local heating generated by the plasmonic reflector to create a thermoelectric field. This enables active transport, stable trapping, and dynamic manipulation of a single extracellular vesicle. Moreover, the thermoelectric field contributes to an increase in the overall trapping potential.