Axion Magnetic Resonance: A Novel Enhancement in Axion-Photon Conversion

TL;DR

This paper introduces axion magnetic resonance (AMR), a new method using magnetic field variations to significantly boost axion-photon conversion rates, potentially improving axion detection sensitivity.

Contribution

The paper proposes a novel resonance technique, AMR, that enhances axion-photon conversion by employing magnetic field variations, extending experimental reach.

Findings

AMR can enhance conversion probability by orders of magnitude.

Helical and oscillating magnetic fields effectively induce AMR.

Projected experimental sensitivity improves by two orders of magnitude at certain axion masses.

Abstract

We identify a new resonance, axion magnetic resonance (AMR), that can greatly enhance the conversion rate between axions and photons. A series of axion search experiments rely on converting them into photons inside a constant magnetic field background. A common bottleneck of such experiments is the conversion amplitude being suppressed by the axion mass when $m_a \gtrsim 10^{-4}~$eV. We point out that a spatial or temporal variation in the magnetic field can cancel the difference between the photon dispersion relation and that of the axion, hence greatly enhancing the conversion probability. We demonstrate that the enhancement can be achieved by both a helical magnetic field profile and a harmonic oscillation of the magnitude. Our approach can extend the projected ALPS II reach in the axion-photon coupling ($g_{a\gamma}$) by two orders of magnitude at $m_a = 10^{-3}\;\mathrm{eV}$ with moderate assumptions.