Achieving quantum metrological performance and exact Heisenberg limit precision through superposition of $s$-spin coherent states

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates that superpositions of s-spin coherent states can achieve quantum metrological performance at the Heisenberg limit, with precision improving inversely with the number of spins, advancing quantum phase estimation techniques.

Contribution

It analytically shows how s-spin coherent state superpositions approach the Heisenberg limit and provides a general expression for quantum Cramer-Rao bounds for these states.

Findings

Quantum Fisher information approaches the Heisenberg limit.

Phase sensitivity depends on operators and state geometry.

Heisenberg limit decreases inversely with s-spin number.

Abstract

In quantum phase estimation, the Heisenberg limit provides the ultimate accuracy over quasi-classical estimation procedures. However, realizing this limit hinges upon both the detection strategy employed for output measurements and the characteristics of the input states. This study delves into quantum phase estimation using $s$-spin coherent states superposition. Initially, we delve into the explicit formulation of spin coherent states for a spin $s=3/2$. Both the quantum Fisher information and the quantum Cramer-Rao bound are meticulously examined. We analytically show that the ultimate measurement precision of spin cat states approaches the Heisenberg limit, where uncertainty decreases inversely with the total particle number. Moreover, we investigate the phase sensitivity introduced through operators $e^{i\zeta{S}_{z}}$, $e^{i\zeta{S}_{x}}$ and $e^{i\zeta{S}_{y}}$, subsequently comparing the resultants findings. In closing, we provide a general analytical expression for the quantum Cramer-Rao boundary applied to these three parameter-generating operators, utilizing general $s$-spin coherent states. We remarked that attaining Heisenberg-limit precision requires the careful adjustment of insightful information about the geometry of $s$-spin cat states on the Bloch sphere. Additionally, as the number of $s$-spin increases, the Heisenberg limit decreases, and this reduction is inversely proportional to the $s$-spin number.