Shadow and Weak Gravitational lensing of rotating traversable Wormhole in Non-homogeneous Plasma Space-time

TL;DR

This study explores how light behaves around a rotating wormhole in a plasma environment, revealing how plasma density influences shadow size and deflection angles, with implications for observational constraints.

Contribution

It introduces analytical formulas for shadow boundaries in plasma, highlights the impact of plasma density on shadow size, and constrains wormhole parameters using observational data.

Findings

Shadow size decreases with increasing plasma density

Certain plasma conditions can eliminate the wormhole shadow

Deflection angle decreases as plasma parameter increases

Abstract

In this work, we have studied the behavior of null geodesics within a rotating wormhole space-time in non-magnetized pressure-less plasma. By focusing on the dispersion relation of the plasma and disregarding its direct gravitational effects, we examine how light rays traverse in the mentioned space-time. A key highlight of the work is the necessity of a specific plasma distribution profile to establish a generalized Carter's constant, shedding light on the importance of this parameter. Furthermore, we have derived analytical formulas to distinguish the shadow boundary across various plasma profiles, uncovering a fascinating trend of diminishing shadow size as plasma density increases. Intriguingly, certain limits of the plasma parameters result in the complete disappearance of the shadow. When calculating the deflection angle by a wormhole in plasma space-time, we observe a distinct pattern: the angle decreases as the plasma parameter rises in non-homogeneous plasma space-time, diverging from the behavior observed in homogeneous plasma space-time. Also, leveraging observational data from M$87^{\ast}$, we establish constraints on the throat radius. Furthermore, minimum shadow diameters provide valuable constraints for the radial and latitudinal plasma parameters.