Exploring the Cosmological Model in $f(R,T^\phi)$ Gravity with Observational Constraints

TL;DR

This paper investigates an $f(R,T^{})$ gravity cosmological model, deriving exact solutions, constraining parameters with observational data, and analyzing scalar fields, energy conditions, and sound speed to understand universe dynamics.

Contribution

It introduces exact solutions in $f(R,T^{})$ gravity and constrains model parameters using observational data, exploring scalar fields and energy conditions.

Findings

Best-fit model parameters obtained from observational data.

Behavior of scalar potential and fields analyzed for quintessence and phantom models.

Energy conditions and sound speed behavior discussed in the context of $f(R,T^{})$ gravity.

Abstract

We have investigated an isotropic and homogeneous cosmological model of the universe in $f(R, T^{\phi})$ gravity, where $T^{\phi}$ is the trace of the energy-momentum tensor and $R$ is the Ricci scalar. We developed and presented exact solutions of field equations of the proposed model by taking the parametrization $q(z) =\alpha + \frac{\beta z}{1+z}$, where $\alpha$ and $\beta$ are arbitrary constants. The best possible values of the model's free parameters are estimated using the latest observational data sets of OHD, BAO, and Pantheon by applying the MCMC statistical technique. Some kinematic properties like density parameter $\rho_{\phi}$, pressure $p_{\phi}$, and equation of state parameter $\omega_{\phi}$ are derived. We have also discussed the behavior of the scalar potential $V(\phi)$ in the $f(R, T^{\phi})$ gravity theory. The behaviors of scalar fields for quintessence and phantom models are explored. Furthermore, we have discussed the behavior of energy conditions and sound speed in $f(R, T^{\phi})$ cosmology.