Multi-Interval Rolling-Window Joint Dispatch and Pricing of Energy and Reserve under Uncertainty

TL;DR

This paper develops a multi-interval rolling-window co-optimization model for joint energy and reserve dispatch and pricing under renewable uncertainty, ensuring incentive compatibility and cost efficiency.

Contribution

It introduces a novel look-ahead co-optimization model that incorporates generator ramping limits and derives marginal prices that promote truthful bidding and dispatch-following.

Findings

The model effectively accounts for renewable forecast errors and contingencies.

Derived prices eliminate ramping opportunity costs and arbitrage.

Market design ensures incentives without out-of-market uplifts.

Abstract

In this paper, the intra-day multi-interval rolling-window joint dispatch and pricing of energy and reserve is studied under increasing volatile and uncertain renewable generations. A look-ahead energy-reserve co-optimization model is proposed for the rolling-window dispatch, where possible contingencies and load/renewable forecast errors over the look-ahead window are modeled as several scenario trajectories, while generation, especially its ramp, is jointly scheduled with reserve to minimize the expected system cost considering these scenarios. Based on the proposed model, marginal prices of energy and reserve are derived, which incorporate shadow prices of generators' individual ramping capability limits to eliminate their possible ramping-induced opportunity costs or arbitrages. We prove that under mild conditions, the proposed market design provides dispatch-following incentives to generators without the need for out-of-the-market uplifts, and truthful-bidding incentives of price-taking generators can be guaranteed as well. Some discussions are also made on how to fit the proposed framework into current market practice. These findings are validated in numerical simulations.