Optomechanical Backreaction of Quantum Field Processes in Dynamical Casimir Effect

TL;DR

This paper investigates the backreaction effects of quantum field processes in the dynamical Casimir effect, revealing how quantum effects influence boundary dynamics and align with the quantum Lenz law, with implications for understanding quantum backreaction phenomena.

Contribution

The study analyzes quantum backreaction in 1+1D and 3+1D systems without external influence, demonstrating how quantum effects modify boundary motion and support the quantum Lenz law.

Findings

Quantum trace anomaly accelerates contraction in 1+1D

Backreaction slows expansion/contraction in 3+1D

Results align with the quantum Lenz law

Abstract

Dynamical Casimir effect (DCE) and cosmological particle creation (CPC) share the same underlying physical mechanism, that of parametric amplification of vacuum fluctuations in the quantum field by an expanding universe or by a fast moving boundary. Backreaction of cosmological particle creation at the Planck time has been shown to play a significant role in the isotropization and homogenization of the early universe. Understanding the backreaction effects of quantum field processes in DCE is the goal of this work. We present analyses of quantum field processes in two model systems: in 1+1D, a ring with time-dependent radius, and in 3+1D, a symmetric rectangular conducting box with one moving side. In both cases the time-dependence of the radius or the length is determined solely by the backreaction of particle creation and related effects, there is no external agent. We find that for 1+1D, the only quantum field effect due to the trace anomaly tends to accelerate the contraction of the ring over and above that due to the attractive force in the static Casimir effect. For the rectangular box the expansion or contraction is slowed down compared to that due to the static Casimir effect. Our findings comply with what is known as the quantum Lenz law, found in cosmological backreaction problems: the backreaction works in the direction of opposing further changes, which means the suppression of particle creation and a slow down of the system dynamics. In conclusion we suggest two related classes of problems of theoretical significance for further investigations.