Dust evolution in a supernova interacting with the ISM

TL;DR

This study uses 3D hydrodynamical simulations to investigate how supernova shocks destroy or inject dust into the interstellar medium, providing estimates of the maximum dust mass delivered by supernovae.

Contribution

It introduces a detailed multi-fluid simulation approach to quantify dust destruction and injection by supernovae, considering different dust sizes and ambient densities.

Findings

Supernova shocks can destroy a significant portion of injected and pre-existing dust.

Estimated upper limit of SN-produced dust delivered to the ISM is ≥ 0.13 solar masses.

Large dust particles (≥ 0.1 μm) are more likely to survive and be injected into the ISM.

Abstract

Supernovae (SN) explosions are thought to be an important source of dust in galaxies. At the same time strong shocks from SNe are known as an efficient mechanism of dust destruction via thermal and kinetic sputtering. A critically important question of how these two hypotheses of SNe activity control the dust budget in galaxies is still not quite clearly understood. In this paper we address this question within 3D multi-fluid hydrodynamical simulations, treating separately the SNe injected dust and the dust pre-existed in ambient interstellar gas. We focus primarily on how the injected and the pre-existing dust is destroyed by shock waves and hot gas in the SN bubble depending on the density of ambient gas. Within our model we estimate an upper limit of the SN-produced dust mass which can be supplied into interstellar medium. For a SN progenitor mass of 30 $M_\odot$ and the ejected dust mass $M_d=1~M_\odot$ we constrain the dust mass that can be delivered into the ISM as $\geq 0.13~M_\odot$, provided that the SN has injected large dust particles with $a\geq 0.1~\mu$m.