Pulse-area theorem for precision control of the rotational motions of a single molecule in a cavity

TL;DR

This paper introduces a pulse-area theorem for precisely controlling the rotational states of a single molecule in a cavity, enabling targeted quantum state manipulations through analytically designed pulses.

Contribution

It derives a novel pulse-area theorem for polariton control and demonstrates its application in maximizing molecular orientation with tailored pulse sequences.

Findings

Pulse-area theorem provides amplitude and phase conditions for state control.

Phase control can be achieved by initial phase setting or timing adjustments.

The method enables precise rotational state manipulation in cavity QED systems.

Abstract

We perform a combined analytical and numerical investigation to explore how an analytically designed pulse can precisely control the rotational motions of a single-molecular polariton formed by the strong coupling of two low-lying rotational states with a single-mode cavity. To this end, we derive a pulse-area theorem that gives amplitude and phase conditions of the pulses in the frequency domain for driving the polariton from a given initial state to an arbitrary coherent state. The pulse-area theorem is examined for generating the maximum degree of orientation using a pair of pulses. We show that the phase condition can be satisfied by setting the initial phases of the two identically overlapped pulses or by controlling the time delay between pulses for practical applications.