Quantum metrology enhanced by the $XY$ spin interaction in a generalized Tavis-Cummings model

TL;DR

This paper investigates how many-body effects, specifically the $XY$ spin interaction in a generalized Tavis-Cummings model, can enhance quantum metrology precision, revealing the role of spin anisotropy and phase transitions in achieving Heisenberg scaling.

Contribution

It introduces a generalized Tavis-Cummings model with $XY$ spin interaction, establishing a direct link between quantum Fisher information and spin fluctuations, and highlights the role of spin anisotropy in precision enhancement.

Findings

Spin anisotropy is crucial for Heisenberg-scaling precision.

Increasing spin anisotropy strength improves estimation accuracy.

A scaling transition of QFI is observed with reduced Ising interaction.

Abstract

Quantum metrology is recognized for its capability to offer high-precision estimation by utilizing quantum resources, such as quantum entanglement. Here, we propose a generalized Tavis-Cummings model by introducing the $XY$ spin interaction to explore the impact of the many-body effect on estimation precision, quantified by the quantum Fisher information (QFI). By deriving the effective description of our model, we establish a closed relationship between the QFI and the spin fluctuation induced by the $XY$ spin interaction. Based on this exact relation, we emphasize the indispensable role of the spin anisotropy in achieving the Heisenberg-scaling precision for estimating a weak magnetic field. Furthermore, we observe that the estimation precision can be enhanced by increasing the strength of the spin anisotropy. We also reveal a clear scaling transition of the QFI in the Tavis-Cummings model with the reduced Ising interaction. Our results contribute to the enrichment of metrology theory by considering many-body effects, and they also present an alternative approach to improving the estimation precision by harnessing the power provided by many-body quantum phases.