Broadband Dispersive-Wave Emission Coupled with Two-Stage Soliton Self-Compression in Gas-Filled Anti-Resonant Hollow-Core Fibers

TL;DR

This paper investigates broadband dispersive-wave emission in gas-filled anti-resonant hollow-core fibers, revealing a two-stage soliton self-compression process coupled with plasma interactions that generate multi-peak spectra.

Contribution

It provides a combined theoretical and experimental analysis of the multi-stage soliton self-compression and dispersive-wave emission mechanism in gas-filled hollow-core fibers, highlighting the role of plasma effects.

Findings

Two-stage pulse compression leads to multi-peak dispersive-wave spectra.

Soliton-plasma interactions cause blue shifting and phase-matched dispersive-wave emission.

Potential to compress broadband dispersive-waves to sub-30 fs duration.

Abstract

We studied the underlying mechanism of broadband dispersive-wave emission within a resonance band of gas-filled anti-resonant hollow-core fiber. Both theoretical and experimental results unveiled that the high-order soliton, launched into the hollow-core fiber, experienced two stages of pulse compression, resulting in a multi-peak structure of the dispersive-wave spectrum. Over the first-stage pulse compression, a sharp increase of the pulse peak power triggered the first time of dispersion-wave emission, and simultaneously caused ionization of the noble gas filled in the fiber core. Strong soliton-plasma interactions led to blue shifting of the pump pulse, and the blue-shifted pulse experienced a decreasing dispersion value in the fiber waveguide, resulting in an increase of its soliton order. Then, the second-stage pulse compression due to the high-order soliton effect triggered the second time of dispersive-wave emission at a phase-matched frequency slightly lower than that in the first stage. Multi-peak spectra of the output dispersive-waves and their formation dynamics were clearly observed in our experiments, which can be understood using a delicate coupling mechanism among three nonlinear effects including high-order-soliton compression, soliton-plasma interaction and phase-matched dispersive-wave emission. The output broadband dispersive-wave could be potentially compressed to sub-30 fs duration using precise chirp-compensation technique.