Ideal gases and degenerate Fermi gases in external torsion fields

TL;DR

This paper explores how external torsion fields influence ideal and Fermi gases, deriving a new macroscopic measure called torsion susceptibility and analyzing spin-torsion interactions affecting energy levels.

Contribution

It introduces the concept of torsion susceptibility and examines the effects of spin-torsion coupling on quantum gases in a curved spacetime framework.

Findings

Torsion susceptibility of ideal gases is inversely proportional to temperature.

Spin-torsion coupling causes energy level splitting similar to Zeeman effect.

Fermi gases exhibit a constant torsion susceptibility regardless of temperature.

Abstract

We investigate the effects of external torsion fields on ideal gases and Fermi gases, and derive a macroscopic quantity, which we call torsion susceptibility. We first consider the Dirac fermions in the Riemann-Cartan spacetime minimally coupled to the background torsion and electromagnetic fields. After applying the Foldy-Wouthuysen transformation, Hamiltonian of a spin-1/2 particle in weak field limit is obtained. The coupling of spin and spatial components of axial torsion vector has a Zeeman-like effect, which removes the degeneracy of energy levels and splits the energy levels with respect to the spin. We calculate the macroscopic effects of the spin-torsion coupling on ideal gases, which satisfying the Boltzmann distribution, and Fermi gases, which satisfying the Fermi-Dirac distribution. The torsion susceptibility of ideal gases is inversely proportional to the temperature and is constant in Fermi gases.