Unlocking the Emotional World of Visual Media: An Overview of the Science, Research, and Impact of Understanding Emotion

TL;DR

This paper provides a comprehensive overview of emotion analysis in visual media, discussing psychological foundations, recent research, technological challenges, ethical considerations, and future directions in the emerging field of artificial emotional intelligence.

Contribution

It offers a multidisciplinary synthesis of current knowledge, identifies key challenges, and outlines future research directions in emotion understanding from images and videos.

Findings

Review of psychological and computational foundations

Identification of technological and ethical challenges

Outline of promising approaches and future directions

Abstract

The emergence of artificial emotional intelligence technology is revolutionizing the fields of computers and robotics, allowing for a new level of communication and understanding of human behavior that was once thought impossible. While recent advancements in deep learning have transformed the field of computer vision, automated understanding of evoked or expressed emotions in visual media remains in its infancy. This foundering stems from the absence of a universally accepted definition of "emotion", coupled with the inherently subjective nature of emotions and their intricate nuances. In this article, we provide a comprehensive, multidisciplinary overview of the field of emotion analysis in visual media, drawing on insights from psychology, engineering, and the arts. We begin by exploring the psychological foundations of emotion and the computational principles that underpin the understanding of emotions from images and videos. We then review the latest research and systems within the field, accentuating the most promising approaches. We also discuss the current technological challenges and limitations of emotion analysis, underscoring the necessity for continued investigation and innovation. We contend that this represents a "Holy Grail" research problem in computing and delineate pivotal directions for future inquiry. Finally, we examine the ethical ramifications of emotion-understanding technologies and contemplate their potential societal impacts. Overall, this article endeavors to equip readers with a deeper understanding of the domain of emotion analysis in visual media and to inspire further research and development in this captivating and rapidly evolving field.