Minimal alternating current injection into carbon nanotubes

TL;DR

This paper theoretically investigates how electronic interactions in one-dimensional systems like carbon nanotubes affect electron injection using Levitons, revealing conditions for minimal noise and interference effects.

Contribution

It extends the concept of minimal electron injection with Levitons to strongly correlated one-dimensional systems described by Luttinger liquid theory.

Findings

Excess noise vanishes when each Leviton injects an integer number of electrons.

Time-dependent current shows interference effects from reflections at interfaces.

The study confirms minimal injection conditions in correlated 1D systems.

Abstract

We study theoretically the effect of electronic interactions in 1d systems on electron injection using periodic Lorentzian pulses, known as Levitons. We consider specifically a system composed of a metallic single-wall carbon nanotube, described with the Luttinger liquid formalism, a scanning tunneling microscope (STM) tip, and metallic leads. Using the out-of-equilibrium Keldysh Green function formalism, we compute the current and current noise in the system. We prove that the excess noise vanishes when each Leviton injects an integer number of electrons from the STM tip into the nanotube. This extends the concept of minimal injection with Levitons to strongly correlated, uni-dimensional non-chiral systems. We also study the time-dependent current profile, and show how it is the result of interferences between pulses non-trivially reflected at the nanotube-lead interface.