Observational Signatures of Modified Bardeen Black Hole: Shadow and Strong Gravitational Lensing

TL;DR

This study investigates the observational signatures of modified Bardeen black holes through shadow and strong gravitational lensing, constraining parameters using EHT data and comparing lensing effects with other black hole models.

Contribution

It introduces a detailed analysis of how modified Bardeen black hole parameters affect shadow size and lensing, constrained by recent EHT observations, and compares these effects with standard black hole models.

Findings

Parameter ranges constrained by EHT shadow observations.

Modified Bardeen black holes can be viable astrophysical candidates.

Strong lensing effects differ from Schwarzschild and regular Bardeen black holes.

Abstract

This paper is devoted to studying the observational signatures modified by Bardeen black hole via shadow and strong lensing observations. Influence of the modified Bardeen black hole parameters q, g, and the parameter $\mu$ on the shadow radius of the black hole have been investigated numerically and graphically. Recently, EHT collaboration observed the image and shadow of supermassive black holes $M87^*$ and $SgrA^*$ where the shadow angular diameter $\theta_d=42\pm3$ for $M87^*$ and $\theta_d=51.8\pm2.3$ for $SgrA^*$. The modified black hole parameters q and $\mu$ for the fixed value of g have been constrained by the EHT collaboration data for the angular shadow diameter of $M87^*$ and $SgrA^*$. It has been observed that the constrain ranges of the parameters $\mu$ and $q$ of modified Bardeen black hole as $-0.89\leq \mu/8M^2 \leq 0.4$ and $0\leq |q|\leq 0.185$ for $M87^*$; and $-1.38\leq \mu/8M^2 \leq 0.1$ and $0\leq |q|\leq 0.058$ for $SgrA^*$, keeping the fixed value $g/2M=0.2$. Modified Bardeen black holes with the additional parameters $\mu$,$g$ and $q$ besides the mass M of the black hole as the supermassive black holes $M87^*$ and $SgrA^*$; and it is observed that to be a viable astrophysical black hole candidate. Furthermore, Gravitational lensing in the strong field limit for modified Bardeen black hole has been investigated numerically as well as graphically and compared to the other ordinary astrophysical black hole such as Schwarzschild ($\mu=\&q=0$) and regular Bardeen ($\mu=0$) black hole.