Overcoming voltage fluctuation in electric vehicles by considering Al electrolytic capacitor-based voltage stabilizer

TL;DR

This paper presents a room-temperature vehicle automatic voltage stabilizer (VAVS) using Al electrolytic capacitors to effectively reduce voltage fluctuations in EV battery systems, ensuring stable 12V output despite load changes.

Contribution

The novel VAVS design employs Al electrolytic capacitors and specific components to stabilize EV battery voltage at room temperature, addressing cryogenic capacitor issues.

Findings

VAVS stabilizes voltage from 10-15V to 12V effectively.

Achieves voltage fluctuation of only 0.17%/V.

Works reliably at room temperature.

Abstract

Battery pack used in electrical vehicles (EVs) have developed fastly nowadays and are important due to its capability to stores electric charge. However, it is still found that there is an electrical voltage fluctuations due to sudden load changes or faults in the power system. To overcome this problem, the conventional strategy focuses on using voltage stabilizer with inductor-capacitor resonant circuits, leaving the problem of using capacitors at cryogenic temperatures. Herewith, we design a vehicle automatic voltage stabilizer (VAVS) operating at room temperature. The VAVS consists of nine main components, including resistors, capacitors, transistors, and diodes arranged with a specific composition to stabilize the voltage. By considering Al electrolytic capacitor, type of diode, resistor, and transistor, the VAVS device stabilizes the input voltage from 10-15V to obtain an output voltage of 12V. Then, by varying the engine rotation speed of vehicle, VAVS applied in vehicle battery supplies a constant voltage of about 12.1 V. The lowest line regulation analysis reveals a regulated voltage fluctuation of 0.17%/V. Our result shows that VAVS design works at room temperature, overcomes the voltage fluctuation and complies with the standard regulation of voltage stabilizers.