Enabling Kilonova Science with Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope
Igor Andreoni, Michael W. Coughlin, Alexander W. Criswell, Mattia, Bulla, Andrew Toivonen, Leo P. Singer, Antonella Palmese, E. Burns, Suvi, Gezari, Mansi M. Kasliwal, R. Weizmann Kiendrebeogo, Ashish Mahabal, Takashi, J. Moriya, Armin Rest, Dan Scolnic, Robert A. Simcoe

TL;DR
This paper discusses how the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope can significantly advance kilonova discovery and science through its unique infrared capabilities, enabling insights into neutron star mergers, heavy element formation, and cosmology.
Contribution
It proposes specific observational strategies for Roman to optimize kilonova detection, including rapid follow-up and survey coordination, to enhance multi-messenger astrophysics.
Findings
Roman can identify 1-6 kilonovae per year via targeted follow-up.
Serendipitous discovery of 5-40 kilonovae over 5 years is feasible.
Roman's infrared sensitivity enables detection of kilonovae missed by optical telescopes.
Abstract
Binary neutron star mergers and neutron star-black hole mergers are multi-messenger sources that can be detected in gravitational waves and in electromagnetic radiation. The low electron fraction of neutron star merger ejecta favors the production of heavy elements such as lanthanides and actinides via rapid neutron capture (r-process). The decay of these unstable nuclei powers an infrared-bright transient called a "kilonova". The discovery of a population of kilonovae will allow us to determine if neutron star mergers are the dominant sites for r-process element nucleosynthesis, constrain the equation of state of nuclear matter, and make independent measurements of the Hubble constant. The Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope (Roman) will have a unique combination of depth, near-infrared sensitivity, and wide field of view. These characteristics will enable Roman's discovery of GW…
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Taxonomy
TopicsGamma-ray bursts and supernovae · Pulsars and Gravitational Waves Research
