End-point singularity of the $XY$-paramagnetic phase boundary for the $(2+1)$D $S=1$ square-lattice $J_1$-$J_2$ $XY$ model with the single-ion anisotropy

TL;DR

This study numerically investigates the phase boundary end-point singularity in a 2D $S=1$ square-lattice $J_1$-$J_2$ $XY$ model with single-ion anisotropy, revealing critical behavior near the fully frustrated point.

Contribution

It introduces a numerical analysis of the phase boundary singularity using fidelity susceptibility, identifying the universality class and critical indices near the multi-critical point.

Findings

Phase transition belongs to the 3D-XY universality class.

Critical indices were obtained and compared to quantum Lifshitz criticality.

Fidelity susceptibility effectively detects the phase transition.

Abstract

The two-dimensional quantum spin-$S=1$ square-lattice $J_1$-$J_2$ $XY$ model with the single-ion anisotropy $D$ was investigated numerically, placing an emphasis on the end-point singularity of the phase boundary separating the $XY$ and paramagnetic phases in proximity to the fully frustrated point, $J_2/J_1 \to 0.5^{-}$. We employed the exact diagonalization method to circumvent the negative sign problem of the quantum Monte Carlo method, and evaluated the fidelity susceptibility $\chi_F$ as a probe to detect the phase transition. As a preliminary survey, for an intermediate value of $J_2/J_1$, the $D$-driven $XY$-paramagnetic phase transition was investigated via the probe $\chi_F$. It turned out that the criticality belongs to the $3$D-$XY$ universality class. Thereby, the $\chi_F$ data were cast into the crossover-scaling formula with the properly scaled distance from the multi-critical point, $0.5-J_2/J_1$. The set of multi-critical indices were obtained, and compared to those of the quantum Lifshitz criticality.