Role of isotropic and anisotropic Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction on skyrmions, merons and antiskyrmions in the $C_{nv}$ symmetric system

TL;DR

This paper numerically explores how isotropic and anisotropic Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interactions influence the formation and stability of skyrmions, merons, and antiskyrmions in $C_{nv}$ symmetric systems, revealing larger asymmetric regions and phase transitions.

Contribution

It provides comprehensive phase diagrams for isotropic and anisotropic DMI effects on topological spin textures in $C_{nv}$ systems, highlighting the role of anisotropic DMI in spin spiral propagation and stability.

Findings

Asymmetric skyrmions and merons occupy larger regions than symmetric ones.

Magnetic field induces transitions from merons or spin spirals to skyrmions.

Stable antiskyrmion phase identified in $C_{nv}$ symmetric system.

Abstract

The lattice Hamiltonian with the presence of a chiral magnetic isotropic Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI) in a square and hexagonal lattice is numerically solved to give the full phase diagram consisting of skyrmions and merons in different parameter planes. The phase diagram provides the actual regions of analytically unresolved asymmetric skyrmions and merons, and it is found that these regions are substantially larger than those of symmetric skyrmions and merons. With magnetic field, a change from meron or spin spiral to skyrmion is seen. The complete phase diagram for the $C_{nv}$ symmetric system with anisotropic DMI is drawn and it is shown that this DMI helps to change the spin spiral propagation direction. Finally, the well-defined region of a thermodynamically stable antiskyrmion phase in the $C_{nv}$ symmetric system is shown.