Factorization of Non-Global LHC Observables and Resummation of Super-Leading Logarithms

TL;DR

This paper develops a formalism using soft-collinear effective theory to factorize and resum non-global observables at hadron colliders, successfully resumming super-leading logarithms and analyzing their numerical significance.

Contribution

It introduces a systematic factorization and renormalization-group approach to resum super-leading logarithms in non-global observables at hadron colliders, solving a long-standing problem in quantum field theory.

Findings

Resummation of super-leading logarithms for arbitrary 2→M jet processes.

Super-leading logarithms are sizable in pp→2 jets but suppressed in H/Z processes.

Resummed series exhibits a weaker asymptotic fall-off than standard Sudakov form factors.

Abstract

We present a systematic formalism based on a factorization theorem in soft-collinear effective theory to describe non-global observables at hadron colliders, such as gap-between-jets cross sections. The cross sections are factorized into convolutions of hard functions, capturing the dependence on the partonic center-of-mass energy $\sqrt{\hat s}$, and low-energy matrix elements, which are sensitive to the low scale $Q_0\ll\sqrt{\hat s}$ characteristic of the veto imposed on energetic emissions into the gap between the jets. The scale evolution of both objects is governed by a renormalization-group equation, which we derive at one-loop order. By solving the evolution equation for the hard functions for arbitrary $2\to M$ jet processes in the leading logarithmic approximation, we accomplish for the first time the all-order resummation of the so-called "super-leading logarithms" discovered in 2006, thereby solving an old problem of quantum field theory. We study the numerical size of the corresponding effects for different partonic scattering processes and explain why they are sizable for $pp\to 2\,\text{jets}$ processes, but suppressed in $H/Z$ and $H/Z$+jet production. The super-leading logarithms are given by an alternating series, whose individual terms can be much larger than the resummed result, even in very high orders of the loop expansion. Resummation is therefore essential to control these effects. We find that the asymptotic fall-off of the resummed series is much weaker than for standard Sudakov form factors.