Enriching Verbal Feedback from Usability Testing: Automatic Linking of Thinking-Aloud Recordings and Stimulus using Eye Tracking and Mouse Data

TL;DR

This paper proposes an automatic method to link verbal feedback from usability testing with specific webpage areas using eye and mouse tracking, finding eye tracking provides more accurate associations than mouse data.

Contribution

It introduces an automatic analysis approach that links verbal feedback to webpage stimuli using eye and mouse tracking, highlighting the superior accuracy of eye tracking.

Findings

Higher hit rate for gaze compared to mouse data

Eye tracking provides more detailed insights into verbalizations

Gaze data correlates strongly with spoken feedback

Abstract

The think aloud method is an important and commonly used tool for usability optimization. However, analyzing think aloud data could be time consuming. In this paper, we put forth an automatic analysis of verbal protocols and test the link between spoken feedback and the stimulus using eye tracking and mouse tracking. The gained data - user feedback linked to a specific area of the stimulus - could be used to let an expert review the feedback on specific web page elements or to visualize on which parts of the web page the feedback was given. Specifically, we test if participants fixate on or point with the mouse to the content of the webpage that they are verbalizing. During the testing, participants were shown three websites and asked to verbally give their opinion. The verbal responses, along with the eye and cursor movements were recorded. We compared the hit rate, defined as the percentage of verbally mentioned areas of interest (AOIs) that were fixated with gaze or pointed to with the mouse. The results revealed a significantly higher hit rate for the gaze compared to the mouse data. Further investigation revealed that, while the mouse was mostly used passively to scroll, the gaze was often directed towards relevant AOIs, thus establishing a strong association between spoken words and stimuli. Therefore, eye tracking data possibly provides more detailed information and more valuable insights about the verbalizations compared to the mouse data.