A Search for AGN sources of the IceCube Diffuse Neutrino Flux

TL;DR

This study investigates potential astrophysical sources of IceCube's diffuse neutrino flux, finding limited contributions from blazars and no significant new sources beyond known ones like NGC 1068.

Contribution

It performs comprehensive spatial, energy, and time-dependent analyses to constrain the contribution of blazars and other sources to the neutrino flux.

Findings

No significant sources found outside NGC 1068.

Blazars contribute at most 13% of the neutrino flux.

Limits on individual MOJAVE sources set after no flaring sources detected.

Abstract

The origin of the diffuse astrophysical neutrino flux measured by the IceCube Observatory remains largely unknown. Although NGC 1068 and TXS 0506+056 have been identified as potential neutrino sources, the diffuse flux of neutrinos must have additional sources that have not yet been identified. Here we investigate potential correlations between IceCube's neutrino events and the Fermi and MOJAVE source catalogs, using the publicly-available IceCube data set. We perform three separate spatially-dependent, energy-dependent, and time-dependent searches, and find no statistically significant sources outside of NGC 1068. We find that no more than 13% of IceCube's neutrino flux originates from blazars over the whole sky. Then, using an energy-dependent likelihood analysis, the limit on neutrinos originating from blazars reduces to 9% in the Northern hemisphere. Finally, we set limits on individual sources from the MOJAVE radio catalog after finding no statistically significant time-flaring sources.