A Dynamic Equivalent Method for PMSG Based Wind Farms Under Asymmetrical Faults

TL;DR

This paper introduces a dynamic three-machine equivalent method for PMSG-based wind farms that accounts for asymmetrical faults, wind speed, and fault severity, improving fault analysis accuracy.

Contribution

It presents a novel clustering and single-machine equivalent approach considering fault severity and recovery characteristics, enhancing fault analysis for wind farms.

Findings

Accurately models wind farm response during faults

Effective for different fault severities and wind speeds

Validated on IEEE 39-bus system

Abstract

In this paper, a three-machine equivalent method applicable to asymmetrical faults is proposed considering the operating wind speed and fault severity. Firstly, direct-driven permanent magnet synchronous generator wind turbines (PMSGs) are clustered based on their different active power response characteristics considering the wind speed, the fault severity, and the negative sequence control strategy. Further, single-machine equivalent methods are proposed for each cluster of PMSGs. In particular, for the PMSGs with ramp recovery characteristics, a single-machine equivalent model with multi-segmented slope recovery is proposed, which can more accurately reflect the characteristics of the wind farm during the fault recovery. Moreover, an iterative simulation method is proposed to obtain the required clustering indicators before the actual occurrence of faults. Therefore, the proposed equivalent method can be used to analyze any anticipated contingency. Eventually, the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified on a modified IEEE 39-bus system.