Complexity Heliophysics: A lived and living history of systems and complexity science in Heliophysics
Ryan M. McGranaghan

TL;DR
This review explores the evolution and significance of complexity science within Heliophysics, emphasizing its paradigm-shifting role across multiple scales and domains, and proposing a risk science framework to unify fundamental and applied research.
Contribution
It provides a comprehensive history and analysis of complexity science in Heliophysics, highlighting five key dimensions and suggesting new directions for integrating fundamental and applied sciences.
Findings
Identifies five dimensions of complexity science in Heliophysics.
Highlights the pivotal year 1996 as a paradigm shift.
Proposes a risk science framework for future research.
Abstract
This review examines complexity science in Heliophysics, describing it not as a discipline, but as a paradigm. In the context of Heliophysics, complexity science is the study of a star, interplanetary environment, magnetosphere, upper and terrestrial atmospheres, and planetary surface as interacting subsystems. Complexity science studies entities in a system (e.g., electrons in an atom, planets in a solar system, individuals in a society) and their interactions, and is the nature of what emerges from these interactions. It is a paradigm that employs systems approaches and is inherently multi- and cross-scale. Heliophysics processes span at least 15 orders of magnitude in space and another 15 in time, and its reaches go well beyond our own solar system and Earth's space environment to touch planetary, exoplanetary, and astrophysical domains. It is an uncommon domain within which to…
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Taxonomy
TopicsEarthquake Detection and Analysis · Time Series Analysis and Forecasting · Geochemistry and Geologic Mapping
