High-resolution electro-optically sampled broadband dual-comb spectroscopy across mid-IR to terahertz at video rate

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates a high-resolution, broadband dual-comb spectroscopy technique across mid-IR to terahertz frequencies at video rates, enabling detailed molecular analysis with unprecedented spectral coverage and sensitivity.

Contribution

The authors introduce a novel electro-optic dual-comb spectroscopy system combining ultrafast lasers and difference frequency generation for high-resolution, broadband measurements from 1.5 to 45 THz.

Findings

Achieved <10 MHz spectral resolution over 1.5-45 THz range.

Captured over 200,000 spectral lines at 69 Hz video rate.

Revealed new spectroscopic features of low-pressure gases.

Abstract

Ultrabroadband electro-optic sampling with few-cycle optical pulses is known to be an extremely sensitive technique to detect electric field amplitudes. By combining this method with dual-comb spectroscopy and with a new class of ultrafast lasers, we perform high-resolution (<10 MHz, 0.0003 wavenumbers) spectroscopic measurements across the whole frequency range of 1.5 to 45 THz (6.6-200 microns) with an instantaneous spectral coverage exceeding an octave (e.g., 9-22 microns). As a driving source, we use a pair of highly mutually-coherent low-noise frequency combs centered at 2.35 microns produced by mode-locked solid-state Cr: ZnS lasers. One of the two combs is frequency downconverted via intrapulse difference frequency generation to produce a molecular sensing comb, while the second comb is frequency doubled to produce a near-IR comb for electro-optic sampling (EOS). An ultra-low intensity and phase noise of our dual-comb system allows capturing a vast amount of longwave spectral information (>200,000 comb-mode spectral lines) at up to a video rate of 69 Hz and with the high dynamic range limited by the shot noise of the near-IR EOS balanced detection. Our long-wavelength IR measurements with low-pressure gases: ethanol, isoprene, and dimethyl sulfide reveal spectroscopic features that had never been explored before.