Astrophysical neutrino oscillations after pulsar timing array analyses

TL;DR

This paper explores how a gravitational wave background detected by pulsar timing arrays could influence neutrino flavor oscillations, proposing potential observational signatures in future neutrino experiments to distinguish GWB models.

Contribution

It investigates the impact of the recently reported gravitational wave background on neutrino oscillations and discusses how future neutrino detectors could reveal these effects.

Findings

GWB can alter neutrino flavor oscillation patterns

Potential for future neutrino detectors to identify GWB effects

Discrimination of GWB models below nHz frequency range

Abstract

The pattern of neutrino flavor oscillations could be altered by the influence of noisy perturbations such as those arising from a gravitational wave background (GWB). A stochastic process that is consistent with a GWB has been recently reported by the independent analyses of pulsar timing array (PTA) data sets collected over a decadal timescale by the North American Nanohertz Observatory for Gravitational Waves (NANOGrav), the European Pulsar Timing Array (EPTA), the Parkes Pulsar Timing Array (PPTA), and the Chinese Pulsar Timing Array (CPTA) collaborations. We investigate the modifications in the neutrino flavor oscillations under the influence of the GWB reported by the PTA collaborations and we discuss how such effects could be potentially revealed in near-future neutrino detectors, possibly helping the discrimination of different models for the GWB below the nHz frequency range.