Entanglement Routing over Quantum Networks Using Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger Measurements

TL;DR

This paper introduces an advanced entanglement routing method using Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger measurements to enhance long-distance quantum communication efficiency over networks.

Contribution

It proposes a novel n-fusion based entanglement swapping technique and algorithms that improve entanglement distribution over quantum networks with general topologies.

Findings

Significant increase in entanglement success rate with n-fusion

Improved network performance over existing protocols

Effective for multiple quantum-user pairs

Abstract

Generating a long-distance quantum entanglement is one of the most essential functions of a quantum network to support quantum communication and computing applications. The successful entanglement rate during a probabilistic entanglement process decreases dramatically with distance, and swapping is a widely-applied quantum technique to address this issue. Most existing entanglement routing protocols use a classic entanglement-swapping method based on Bell State measurements that can only fuse two successful entanglement links. This paper appeals to a more general and efficient swapping method, namely n-fusion based on Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger measurements that can fuse n successful entanglement links, to maximize the entanglement rate for multiple quantum-user pairs over a quantum network. We propose efficient entanglement routing algorithms that utilize the properties of n-fusion for quantum networks with general topologies. Evaluation results highlight that our proposed algorithm under n-fusion can greatly improve the network performance compared with existing ones.