Hyperbolic limit on the early arrival time of bright pulses from PSR~J0835$-$4510 (Vela)

TL;DR

This study analyzes nearly a hundred hours of Vela pulsar data, revealing a hyperbolic relation between pulse brightness and earlier arrival times, with a phase limit of about -0.85 ms for the brightest pulses.

Contribution

It uncovers a hyperbolic relation between pulse intensity and arrival time, and identifies a phase limit for the earliest bright pulses in Vela pulsar.

Findings

Hyperbolic relation between pulse brightness and arrival time.

Phase limit of approximately -0.85 ms for brightest pulses.

Potential for further exploration of emission regions.

Abstract

Astronomers have studied the Vela pulsar (PSR~J0835$-$4510) for decades. This study analyses almost one hundred hours of single-pulse data collected over three consecutive days from 2016 and 2020. The work investigates the fascinating phenomena of the earlier arrival of brighter pulses with their increase in peak intensity. We found a hyperbolic relation between them by constructing integrated pulse profiles using flux density intervals and examining the relationship between pulse arrival time and intensity. We identified a phase limit of $-0.85~\pm 0.0109$~ms for the earliest arrival of the brightest pulses. This study offers exciting prospects for further exploring the emission regions responsible for the Vela pulsar's regular and giant micro-pulses.