Global dynamics of a predator-prey model with alarm-taxis

TL;DR

This paper investigates the global behavior of an alarm-taxis predator-prey model, establishing boundedness and stability of solutions through novel gradient estimates and energy methods, revealing conditions for coexistence steady states.

Contribution

It introduces a new approach to estimate gradients in coupled predator-prey systems, ensuring global existence and stability results in two dimensions.

Findings

Classical solutions are globally bounded in 2D with Neumann boundary conditions.

Coexistence steady states are proven to be asymptotically stable.

Exponential convergence rate to steady states under certain conditions.

Abstract

This paper concerns with the global dynamics of classical solutions to an important alarm-taxis ecosystem, which demonstrates the behaviors of prey that attract secondary predator when threatened by primary predator. And the secondary predator pursues the signal generated by the interaction of the prey and primary predator. However, it seems that the necessary gradient estimates for global existence cannot be obtained in critical case due to strong coupled structure. Thereby, we develop a new approach to estimate the gradient of prey and primary predator which takes advantage of slightly higher damping power. Then the boundedness of classical solutions in two dimension with Neumann boundary conditions can be established by energy estimates and semigroup theory. Moreover, by constructing Lyapunov functional, it is proved that the coexistence homogeneous steady states is asymptotically stability and the convergence rate is exponential under certain assumptions on the system coefficients.