Generalized FDTD Scheme for Moving Electromagnetic Structures with Arbitrary Space-Time Configurations

TL;DR

This paper introduces a generalized FDTD scheme capable of accurately simulating moving electromagnetic structures with arbitrary space-time configurations, extending previous methods to more complex, realistic scenarios.

Contribution

It develops a local adaptation and 2+1D extension of the FDTD scheme for moving structures, ensuring compatibility with standard boundary conditions and medium dispersion treatments.

Findings

Accurately predicts spectral transitions in moving structures.

Provides stable update equations with a generalized Courant criterion.

Validated through representative numerical examples.

Abstract

We present a generalized FDTD scheme to simulate moving electromagnetic structures with arbitrary space-time configurations. This scheme is a local adaptation and 2+1-dimensional extension of the uniform and 1+1-dimensional scheme recently reported in [1]. The local adaptation, which is allowed by the inherently matched nature of the generalized Yee cell to the conventional Yee cell, extends the range of applicability of the scheme in [1] to moving structures that involve multiple and arbitrary velocity profiles while being fully compatible with conventional absorbing boundary conditions and standard treatments of medium dispersion. We show that a direct application of the conventional FDTD scheme predicts qualitatively correct spectral transitions but quantitatively erroneous scattering amplitudes, we infer from this observation generalized, hybrid-physical and auxiliary (non-physical) - fields that automatically satisfy moving boundary conditions in the laboratory frame, and accordingly establish local update equations based on the related Maxwell's equations and constitutive relations. We subsequently provide a detailed stability analysis with a generalization of the Courant criterion to the dynamic regime. We finally validate and illustrate the proposed method by several representative examples. The proposed scheme fills an important gap in the open literature on computational electromagnetics and offers an unprecedented, direct solution for moving structures in commercial software platforms.