Impact of structural defects on the performance of graphene plasmon-based molecular sensors

TL;DR

This paper theoretically examines how structural defects in graphene influence localized plasmon properties crucial for molecular sensing, highlighting the importance of defect type on sensor performance.

Contribution

It provides a comparative analysis of defect effects on graphene plasmons, aiding in optimizing graphene sensors for various applications.

Findings

Defects significantly alter plasmon confinement and lifetime.

Different defect types have distinct impacts on plasmon figures of merit.

Insights assist in selecting suitable graphene structures for sensing applications.

Abstract

Graphene-based plasmonic devices are regarded to be suitable for a plethora of applications, ranging from mid-infrared to terahertz frequencies. In this regard, among the peculiarities associated with graphene, it is well known that plasmons are tunable and tend to show stronger confinement as well as a longer lifetime than in the noble-metal counterpart. However, due to the two-dimensional specificity of graphene, the presence of defects might induce stronger effects than in bulky noble metals. Here, we theoretically investigate the impact of structural defects hosted by graphene on selected figures of merit associated to localized plasmons, which are of key technological importance for plasmon-based molecular sensing. By considering an optimized graphene nanostructure, we provide a comparative analysis intended to shed light on the impact of the type of defect on graphene localized plasmons, that regards distinct types of defects commonly arising from fabrication procedures or exposure to radiation. This understanding will help industry and academia in better identifying the most suitable applications for graphene-based molecular sensing.