A sufficient condition for the existence of fractional $(g,f,n)$-critical covered graphs

TL;DR

This paper establishes a new sufficient condition involving degree and order constraints for graphs to be fractional $(g,f,n)$-critical covered, extending previous results and aiding network design for reliable data transmission.

Contribution

It introduces a generalized sufficient condition for fractional $(g,f,n)$-critical covered graphs, broadening the scope of prior theoretical results in graph factor theory.

Findings

Provides a new degree and order condition for fractional $(g,f,n)$-critical coverage.

Extends Zhou's previous results to a more general class of graphs.

Supports network design with high data transmission reliability.

Abstract

In data transmission networks, the availability of data transmission is equivalent to the existence of the fractional factor of the corresponding graph which is generated by the network. Research on the existence of fractional factors under specific network structures can help scientists design and construct networks with high data transmission rates. A graph $G$ is called a fractional $(g,f)$-covered graph if for any $e\in E(G)$, $G$ admits a fractional $(g,f)$-factor covering $e$. A graph $G$ is called a fractional $(g,f,n)$-critical covered graph if after removing any $n$ vertices of $G$, the resulting graph of $G$ is a fractional $(g,f)$-covered graph. In this paper, we verify that if a graph $G$ of order $p$ satisfies $p\geq\frac{(a+b-1)(a+b-2)+(a+d)n+1}{a+d}$, $\delta(G)\geq\frac{(b-d-1)p+(a+d)n+a+b+1}{a+b-1}$ and $\delta(G)>\frac{(b-d-2)p+2\alpha(G)+(a+d)n+1}{a+b-2}$, then $G$ is a fractional $(g,f,n)$-critical covered graph, where $g,f:V(G)\rightarrow Z^{+}$ be two functions such that $a\leq g(x)\leq f(x)-d\leq b-d$ for all $x\in V(G)$, which is a generalization of Zhou's previous result [S. Zhou, Some new sufficient conditions for graphs to have fractional $k$-factors, International Journal of Computer Mathematics 88(3)(2011)484--490].