Emerging mesoscale flows and chaotic advection in dense active matter

TL;DR

This paper investigates mesoscale flows and chaotic advection in dense active matter, revealing turbulence-like behaviors driven by crowding and propulsion, independent of specific fluid details.

Contribution

It demonstrates the emergence of active turbulence in dense active fluids and characterizes its universal features across different models.

Findings

Chaotic advection and multiscale flow patterns emerge in dense active matter.

Flow characteristics are independent of specific active fluid details.

Dense active fluids exhibit a form of active turbulence distinct from other active systems.

Abstract

We study two models of overdamped self-propelled disks in two dimensions, with and without aligning interactions. Active mesoscale flows leading to chaotic advection emerge in both models in the homogeneous dense fluid away from dynamical arrest, forming streams and vortices reminiscent of multiscale flow patterns in turbulence. We show that the characteristics of these flows do not depend on the specific details of the active fluids, and result from the competition between crowding effects and persistent propulsions. Our results suggest that dense active fluids present a type of `active turbulence' distinct from collective flows reported in other types of active systems.