GOC-Ledger: State-based Conflict-Free Replicated Ledger from Grow-Only Counters
Erick Lavoie

TL;DR
This paper introduces GOC-Ledger, a state-based conflict-free replicated ledger using grow-only counters, which simplifies convergence and safety proofs while improving performance over traditional consensus-based blockchains.
Contribution
It presents a novel state-based CRDT ledger design that requires weaker delivery guarantees and simplifies safety and convergence reasoning compared to existing consensus-free systems.
Findings
Requires only eventual transitive delivery of state
Ensures convergence through composition of grow-only counters
Supports applications with temporary negative balances
Abstract
Conventional blockchains use consensus algorithms that totally order updates across all accounts, which is stronger than necessary to implement a replicated ledger. This makes updates slower and more expensive than necessary. More recent consensus-free replicated ledgers forego consensus algorithms, with significant increase in performance and decrease in infrastructure costs. However, current designs are based around reliable broadcast of update operations to all replicas which require reliable message delivery and reasoning over operation histories to establish convergence and safety. In this paper, we present a replicated ledger as a state-based conflict-free replicated data type (CRDT) based on grow-only counters. This design provides two major benefits: 1) it requires a weaker eventual transitive delivery of the latest state rather than reliable broadcast of all update operations…
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Taxonomy
TopicsDistributed systems and fault tolerance · Blockchain Technology Applications and Security · Caching and Content Delivery
