Fiber-optic nonlinear wavelength converter for adaptive femtosecond biophotonics

TL;DR

This paper introduces a fiber-optic nonlinear wavelength converter (FNWC) that enables tunable, stable femtosecond pulses for biophotonics, facilitating advanced biological imaging techniques.

Contribution

The development of a reliable, adaptable fiber-optic device that produces tunable femtosecond pulses with high stability for biophotonics applications.

Findings

Produces ~20 nJ pulses across 950-1150 nm wavelength range

Achieves long-term stability of over 2000 hours

Enables real-time intravital imaging with machine learning integration

Abstract

Broad and safe access to ultrafast laser technology has been hindered by the absence of optical fiber-delivered pulses with tunable central wavelength, pulse repetition rate, and pulse width in the picosecond-femtosecond regime. To address this long-standing obstacle, we developed a reliable accessory for femtosecond ytterbium fiber chirped pulse amplifiers, termed as fiber-optic nonlinear wavelength converter (FNWC), as an adaptive optical source for the emergent field of femtosecond biophotonics. This accessory embowers the fixed-wavelength laser to produce fiber delivered ~20 nJ pulses with central wavelength across 950-1150 nm, repetition rate across 1-10 MHz, and pulse width across 40-400 fs, with a long-term stability of >2000 hrs. As a prototypical label-free application in biology and medicine, we demonstrate the utility of FNWC in real-time intravital imaging synergistically integrated with modern machine learning and large-scale fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy.