Dual Use Concerns of Generative AI and Large Language Models

TL;DR

This paper explores adapting the Dual Use Research of Concern framework from life sciences to generative AI, aiming to improve governance and societal awareness of Large Language Models' dual-use risks.

Contribution

It proposes redefining the DURC framework for LLMs and provides specific recommendations for its application in AI research governance.

Findings

DURC can be adapted to AI for better risk management

Framework enhances societal awareness of AI dual-use issues

Recommendations support responsible LLM development

Abstract

We suggest the implementation of the Dual Use Research of Concern (DURC) framework, originally designed for life sciences, to the domain of generative AI, with a specific focus on Large Language Models (LLMs). With its demonstrated advantages and drawbacks in biological research, we believe the DURC criteria can be effectively redefined for LLMs, potentially contributing to improved AI governance. Acknowledging the balance that must be struck when employing the DURC framework, we highlight its crucial political role in enhancing societal awareness of the impact of generative AI. As a final point, we offer a series of specific recommendations for applying the DURC approach to LLM research.