Measurement-based Close-in Path Loss Modeling with Diffraction for Rural Long-distance Communications

TL;DR

This study develops and validates new close-in path loss models with diffraction components for rural long-distance communications, showing improved accuracy and frequency independence at frequencies up to millimeter-wave.

Contribution

The paper introduces a novel CI path loss model incorporating diffraction effects, tailored for rural environments and applicable across a wide frequency range.

Findings

Models significantly reduce standard deviations in path loss predictions.

Models are independent of frequency for LOS beyond the first meter.

Suitable for frequencies up to millimeter-wave.

Abstract

In this letter, we investigate rural large-scale path loss models based on the measurements in a central area of South Korea (rural area) in spring. In particular, we develop new close-in (CI) path loss models incorporating a diffraction component. The transmitter used in the measurement system is located on a hill and utilizes omnidirectional antennas operating at 1400 and 2250 MHz frequencies. The receiver is also equipped with omnidirectional antennas and measures at positions totaling 3,858 (1,262 positions for LOS and 2,596 positions for NLOS) and 4,957 (1,427 positions for LOS and 3,530 positions for NLOS) for 1400 and 2250 MHz, respectively. This research demonstrates that the newly developed CI path loss models incorporating a diffraction component significantly reduce standard deviations (STD) and are independent of frequency, especially for LOS beyond the first meter of propagation, making them suitable for use with frequencies up to a millimeter-wave.