Impurities in quasi-one-dimensional droplets of binary Bose mixtures

TL;DR

This paper explores how impurities behave within quasi-one-dimensional quantum droplets of binary Bose mixtures, revealing phenomena like metastable states, impurity binding, hybridization, and fluctuation-induced trapping, with potential experimental implications.

Contribution

It demonstrates the complex impurity dynamics in binary Bose droplets, highlighting the roles of back-action and quantum fluctuations in impurity trapping and hybridization.

Findings

Repulsive impurities can form metastable quasi-bound states.

Attractive impurities remain bound, causing hybridization.

Quantum fluctuations can trap impurities without classical binding.

Abstract

Recently created self-bound quantum droplets of binary Bose mixtures open intriguing possibilities for the study of impurity physics. We show that the properties of impurities embedded in quasi-one-dimensional droplets are determined by the interplay between back-action and quantum fluctuations. Due to such back-action, repulsive impurities may form a metastable quasi-bound state inside the droplet. In contrast, attractive impurities remain bound to the droplet, leading to the hybridization of droplet and impurity excitations, as well as to peculiar scattering resonances. Interestingly, impurity trapping may result solely from the effect of quantum fluctuations. These results may readily be probed experimentally by doping the currently available droplets of binary mixtures.