Polarized images of charged particles in vortical motions around a magnetized Kerr black hole

TL;DR

This paper investigates polarized images of electromagnetic radiation from charged particles in vortical motions around a magnetized Kerr black hole, revealing how SVMs influence observable black hole features.

Contribution

It introduces a model analyzing polarized emissions from SVMs of charged particles near a Kerr black hole in magnetic fields, highlighting the role of critical parameters in particle dynamics.

Findings

Charged particles can exhibit vortical motions when magnetic forces exceed a critical value.

Polarized images can reveal the structure of photon rings influenced by SVMs.

SVM radiations can serve as a light source illuminating the black hole.

Abstract

In this work, we study the images of a Kerr black hole (BH) immersed in uniform magnetic fields, illuminated by the synchrotron radiation of charged particles in the jet. We particularly focus on the spontaneously vortical motions (SVMs) of charged particles in the jet region and investigate the polarized images of electromagnetic radiations from the trajectories along SVMs. We notice that there is a critical value $\omega_c$ for charged particle released at a given initial position and subjected an outward force, and once $|qB_0/m|=|\omega_B|>|\omega_c|$ charged particles can move along SVMs in the jet region. We obtain the polarized images of the electromagnetic radiations from the trajectories along SVMs. Our simplified model suggests that the SVM radiations can act as the light source to illuminate the BH and form a photon ring structure.