PromptAid: Prompt Exploration, Perturbation, Testing and Iteration using Visual Analytics for Large Language Models

TL;DR

PromptAid is a visual analytics system that helps users create, refine, and test prompts for large language models through interactive exploration and perturbation strategies, improving prompt quality and performance.

Contribution

This paper introduces PromptAid, a novel visual analytics tool for prompt exploration, perturbation, testing, and iteration tailored for large language models, with demonstrated effectiveness.

Findings

PromptAid reduces cognitive load during prompt iteration.

It enables generation of diverse prompts with recommendations.

It outperforms existing prompting interfaces in prompt performance.

Abstract

Large Language Models (LLMs) have gained widespread popularity due to their ability to perform ad-hoc Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks with a simple natural language prompt. Part of the appeal for LLMs is their approachability to the general public, including individuals with no prior technical experience in NLP techniques. However, natural language prompts can vary significantly in terms of their linguistic structure, context, and other semantics. Modifying one or more of these aspects can result in significant differences in task performance. Non-expert users may find it challenging to identify the changes needed to improve a prompt, especially when they lack domain-specific knowledge and lack appropriate feedback. To address this challenge, we present PromptAid, a visual analytics system designed to interactively create, refine, and test prompts through exploration, perturbation, testing, and iteration. PromptAid uses multiple, coordinated visualizations which allow users to improve prompts by using the three strategies: keyword perturbations, paraphrasing perturbations, and obtaining the best set of in-context few-shot examples. PromptAid was designed through an iterative prototyping process involving NLP experts and was evaluated through quantitative and qualitative assessments for LLMs. Our findings indicate that PromptAid helps users to iterate over prompt template alterations with less cognitive overhead, generate diverse prompts with help of recommendations, and analyze the performance of the generated prompts while surpassing existing state-of-the-art prompting interfaces in performance.