Ground-based Solar Observations for Space Weather Forecasting

TL;DR

This paper discusses establishing a ground-based solar observation network with magnetographs and telescopes to improve space weather forecasting by detecting solar activity and predicting solar wind and eruptions.

Contribution

It proposes a comprehensive ground-based observation network combining various instruments and models for enhanced space weather prediction capabilities.

Findings

Design of a solar observation network including magnetographs and telescopes.

Methods for detecting and forecasting solar eruptions and coronal mass ejections.

Potential integration of radio and optical observations for better accuracy.

Abstract

The possibilities of organizing an observation service for solar activity in order to provide space weather forecasting are considered. The most promising at this stage is the creation of a ground-based observation network. Such a network should include solar magnetographs that provide observation of large-scale magnetic fields of the Sun, and patrol optical telescopes designed to detect coronal mass ejections and solar flares. The data of magnetographic observations provide an assessment of recurrent solar winds. Patrol telescopes operating in continuous mode allow detecting the moments of eruption and determining the parameters of coronal mass ejections at the initial stage of acceleration. The network service can be supplemented with other types of observations in the radio and optical bands. The paper considers the composition of observational tools, as well as methods and models for forecasting.