Algebraic Monograph Transformations

TL;DR

This paper introduces monographs as a flexible graph-like structure, analyzing their transformations and generalizations, and establishing their categorical properties and relation to graph structures.

Contribution

It defines monographs and their transformations, explores their categorical properties, and generalizes typed attributed E-graphs within this framework.

Findings

Monographs are universal graph-like structures without a terminal object.

Detailed analysis of single and double pushout transformations of monographs.

Introduction of attributed typed monographs generalizing E-graphs.

Abstract

Monographs are graph-like structures with directed edges of unlimited length that are freely adjacent to each other. The standard nodes are represented as edges of length zero. They can be drawn in a way consistent with standard graphs and many others, like E-graphs or $\infty$-graphs. The category of monographs share many properties with the categories of graph structures (algebras of monadic many-sorted signatures), except that there is no terminal monograph. It is universal in the sense that its slice categories (or categories of typed monographs) are equivalent to the categories of graph structures. Type monographs thus emerge as a natural way of specifying graph structures. A detailed analysis of single and double pushout transformations of monographs is provided, and a notion of attributed typed monographs generalizing typed attributed E-graphs is analyzed w.r.t. attribute-preserving transformations.