# Fast magneto-acoustic wave turbulence and the Iroshnikov-Kraichnan spectrum

## TL;DR

This paper develops an analytical wave turbulence theory for fast magneto-acoustic waves in low-beta magnetohydrodynamics, deriving a $k^{-3/2}$ energy spectrum consistent with the Iroshnikov-Kraichnan prediction and explaining solar wind observations.

## Contribution

It presents the first asymptotic closure theory for fast magneto-acoustic wave turbulence in three dimensions, deriving the IK spectrum from first principles.

## Key findings

- Derives the $k^{-3/2}$ energy spectrum consistent with IK phenomenology.
- Shows the energy cascade is direct and positive flux is maintained.
- Provides a theoretical basis for observed solar wind spectra with fast magneto-acoustic waves.

## Abstract

An analytical theory of wave turbulence is developed for pure compressible magnetohydrodynamics in the small $\beta$ limit. In contrast to previous works where the multiple scale method was not mentioned and slow magneto-acoustic waves were included, I present here a theory for fast magneto-acoustic waves only for which an asymptotic closure is possible in three dimensions. I introduce the compressible Elsasser fields (canonical variables) and show their linear relationship with the mass density and the compressible velocity. The kinetic equations of wave turbulence for three-wave interactions are obtained and the detailed conservation is shown for the two invariants, energy and momentum (cross-helicity). An exact stationary solution (Kolmogorov-Zakharov spectrum) exists only for the energy. I find a $k^{-3/2}$ energy spectrum compatible with the Iroshnikov-Kraichnan (IK) phenomenological prediction; this leads to a mass density spectrum with the same scaling. Despite the presence of a relatively strong uniform magnetic field, this turbulence is characterized by an energy spectrum with a power index that is independent of the angular direction; its amplitude, however, shows an angular dependence. I prove the existence of the IK solution using the locality condition, show that the energy flux is positive and hence the cascade direct, and find the Kolmogorov constant. This theory offers a plausible explanation for recent observations in the solar wind at small $\beta$ where isotropic spectra with a $-3/2$ power law index are found and associated with fast magneto-acoustic waves. This theory may also be used to explain the IK spectrum often observed near the Sun. Besides, it provides a rigorous theoretical basis for the well-known phenomenological IK spectrum, which coincides with the Zakharov-Sagdeev spectrum for acoustic wave turbulence.