# A Deep Reinforcement Learning Trader without Offline Training

**Authors:** Boian Lazov

arXiv: 2303.00356 · 2025-09-30

## TL;DR

This paper presents a fully online trading algorithm using Double Deep Q-learning with Fast Learning Networks, capable of adapting to market conditions without offline training, and demonstrates its effectiveness on cryptocurrency data.

## Contribution

The paper introduces a novel online trading method that does not require offline training, using a specific reinforcement learning setup with a profit conservation mechanism.

## Key findings

- The algorithm outperforms random trading strategies.
- It adapts well to different market trends.
- It performs effectively on real cryptocurrency data.

## Abstract

In this paper we pursue the question of a fully online trading algorithm (i.e. one that does not need offline training on previously gathered data). For this task we use Double Deep $Q$-learning in the episodic setting with Fast Learning Networks approximating the expected reward $Q$. Additionally, we define the possible terminal states of an episode in such a way as to introduce a mechanism to conserve some of the money in the trading pool when market conditions are seen as unfavourable. Some of these money are taken as profit and some are reused at a later time according to certain criteria. After describing the algorithm, we test it using the 1-minute-tick data for Cardano's price on Binance. We see that the agent performs better than trading with randomly chosen actions on each timestep. And it does so when tested on the whole dataset as well as on different subsets, capturing different market trends.

## Full text

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## Figures

21 figures with captions in the complete paper: https://tomesphere.com/paper/2303.00356/full.md

## References

19 references — full list in the complete paper: https://tomesphere.com/paper/2303.00356/full.md

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Source: https://tomesphere.com/paper/2303.00356