Energy transfer between gravitational waves and quantum matter

TL;DR

This paper investigates how gravitational waves interact with quantum matter systems, deriving bounds on energy transfer and discussing potential experimental detection methods.

Contribution

It introduces a detailed analysis of energy transfer between gravitational waves and quantum matter, considering changes in trapping potentials and establishing bounds for observable effects.

Findings

Derived rigorous bounds on energy transfer in quantum systems

Identified potential experimental signatures of gravitational wave interaction

Analyzed effects in Bose-Einstein condensates and superfluid helium

Abstract

We study the interaction between gravitational waves and quantum matter such as Bose-Einstein condensates, super-fluid Helium, or ultra-cold solids, explicitly taking into account the changes of the trapping potential induced by the gravitational wave. As a possible observable, we consider the change of energy due to the gravitational wave, for which we derive rigorous bounds in terms of kinetic energy and particle number. Finally, we discuss implications for possible experimental tests.