# Effects of Poly(vinylpyrrolidone) on the Dynamic Viscosity of Methane Hydrate Systems at High-Pressure Driving Forces: Investigation of Concentration, Molecular Weight, and Shear Rate

## TL;DR

This study investigates how poly(vinylpyrrolidone) affects the viscosity and growth of methane hydrate systems under high-pressure conditions, revealing its dual role in inhibiting nucleation but promoting agglomeration.

## Contribution

It provides new insights into the effects of PVP concentration, molecular weight, and shear rate on methane hydrate viscosity and growth dynamics at high pressures.

## Key findings

- Higher PVP concentration and molecular weight improve viscosity inhibition.
- Additives delay initial hydrate formation but accelerate cluster agglomeration.
- PVP can weaken hydrate mechanical properties over time.

## Abstract

The viscosity of methane hydrate slurries with poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) at 700 and 7000 ppm by weight, molecular weights of 40,000 (PVP40) and 360,000 (PVP360) Da, and shear rates of 400 and 80 1/s, were measured in a high-pressure rheometer with pressures up to 30 MPag and compared to pure water systems. The additives successfully reduced the formation of high-viscosity slurries, but at low concentrations were incapable of delaying hydrate agglomeration at the late growth stage. The average relative time required for PVP40 solutions at 700 ppm to grow to 50 mPa.s was 1.9 times the water reference value, but only 1.2 times to reach 200 mPa.s. Improved inhibition was observed for the higher concentration and higher molecular weight sets, where the relative time to reach 50 mPa.s were 8.2 and 2.6 times the water reference value, respectively. While the additives demonstrated anti-nucleation properties and suppressed crystal growth initially, they accelerated the hydrate clusters agglomeration rate, and potentially weakened the hydrate mechanical properties.

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Source: https://tomesphere.com/paper/2302.12226