About the quantum Talbot effect on the sphere

TL;DR

This paper investigates the quantum Talbot effect on a sphere, revealing how wave function revivals occur at rational times and characterizing the singularities and zero-density regions, extending known circle results to spherical geometry.

Contribution

It extends the analysis of quantum revivals from the circle to the sphere, characterizing singularities and zero-density regions for localized initial states using Legendre polynomial summation formulas.

Findings

Revival occurs at rational times at specific locations on the sphere.

Wave function develops singularities at rational times.

Zero-density regions form specific point sets, not lines.

Abstract

The Schr\"odinger equation on a circle with an initially localized profile of the wave function is known to give rise to revivals or replications, where the probability density of the particle is partially reproduced at rational times. As a consequence of the convolutional form of the general solution it is deduced that a piecewise constant initial wave function remains piecewise constant at rational times as well. For a sphere instead, it is known that this piecewise revival does not necessarily occur, indeed the wave function becomes singular at some specific locations at rational times. It may be desirable to study the same problem, but with an initial condition being a localized Dirac delta instead of a piecewise constant function, and this is the purpose of the present work. By use of certain summation formulas for the Legendre polynomials together with properties of Gaussian sums, it is found that revivals on the sphere occur at rational times for some specific locations, and the structure of singularities of the resulting wave function is characterized in detail. In addition, a partial study of the regions where the density vanishes, named before valley of shadows in the context of the circle, is initiated here. It is suggested that, differently from the circle case, these regions are not lines but instead some specific set of points along the sphere. A conjecture about the precise form of this set is stated and the intuition behind it is clarified.