A Heterogeneous Multiscale Method for Power System Simulation Considering Electromagnetic Transients

TL;DR

This paper introduces a heterogeneous multiscale method that efficiently simulates power systems with electromagnetic transient dynamics by dynamically switching between detailed and simplified models, significantly reducing computation time.

Contribution

It proposes a novel multiscale simulation approach that adaptively combines micro and macro models for accurate and fast power system analysis considering EMT effects.

Findings

The method accurately captures EMT dynamics during critical intervals.

It achieves faster simulation times compared to traditional EMT modeling.

Demonstrated effectiveness on a two-machine power system model.

Abstract

Traditional dynamic security assessment faces challenges as power systems are experiencing a transformation to inverter-based-resource (IBR) dominated systems, for which electromagnetic transient (EMT) dynamics have to be considered. However, EMT simulation is time-consuming especially for a large power grid because the mathematical model based on detailed component modeling is highly stiff and needs to be integrated at tiny time steps due to numerical stability. This paper proposes a heterogeneous multiscale method (HMM) to address the simulation of a power system considering EMT dynamics as a multiscale problem. The method aims to accurately simulate the macroscopic dynamics of the system even when EMT dynamics are dominating. By force estimation using a kernel function, the proposed method automatically generates a macro model on the fly of simulation based on the micro model of EMT dynamics. It can flexibly switch between the micro- and macro-models to capture important EMT dynamics during some time intervals while skipping over other time intervals of less interest to achieve a superior simulation speed. The method is illustrated by a case study on a two-machine EMT model to demonstrate its potential for power system simulation.